Tao Te Ching

The Power of Goodness, the Wisdom Beyond Words
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Enquiry Concerning Political Justice

By William Godwin

The first modern book promoting philosophical anarchism, Godwin’s Political Justice became a kind of bible for the Romantic poets and a powerful influence on voices like Percy Shelley, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Intellectual, political, and radical leader; Godwin based this anarchism on a deep belief in the basic goodness of humanity and the natural inclination toward reason and the impetus to improve and choose the best course of action. He saw institutions like government, religion, laws, property, and marriage as constraints on this intrinsic attraction to the good. Long and expensive, access to this book was very limited which probably saved Godwin from the backlash and persecution more to be expected for a book like this during his time and in his social context.

Quotes from Enquiry Concerning Political Justice

“All education is despotism… Go there; do that; read; write; rise; lie down… teachers, politics and modes of government poison our minds before we can resist, or so much as suspect their malignity. They deprive us of our vitality”

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“Democracy restores to man a consciousness of his value, teaches him by the removal of authority and oppression to listen to the dictates of reason, gives him confidence to treat all other men as his fellow human beings, and induces him to regard them no loner as enemies against whom to be upon his guard, but as brethren whom it comes him to assist.”

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“If he who employs coercion against me could mold me to his purposes by argument, no doubt he would. He pretends to punish me because his argument is strong; but he really punishes me because his argument is weak.”

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Themes: Punishment

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“Incessant change, everlasting innovation seem to be dictated by the true interests of mankind. But government is the perpetual enemy of change.”

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Themes: Change

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“It is absurd to expect the inclinations and wishes of two human beings to coincide, through any long period of time. To oblige them to act and live together is to subject them to some inevitable potion of thwarting, bickering, and unhappiness.”

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Themes: Marriage

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“Law is an institution with the most pernicious tendency. Once begun, it can never be brought to a close because no new action is ever the same as any other action. As new cases occur, the law is perpetually found deficient. It is therefore perpetually necessary to make new laws.”

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Themes: Law and Order

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“Literature, taken in all its bearings, forms the grand line of demarcation between the human and the animal kingdoms… He that loves reading has everything within his reach.”

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Themes: Books

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“Make men wise, and by that very operation you make them free. Civil liberty follows as a consequence of this; no usurped power can stand against the artillery of wisdom.”

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Themes: Wisdom Freedom

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“One of the prerogatives by which man is eminently distinguished from all other living beings inhabiting this globe of earth, consists in the gift of reason.”

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Themes: Reason

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“Society [culture] is produced by our wants, and government by our wickedness. Society is a blessing; government even in its best state a necessary evil, a tyranny; and because—even in its best state—an evil, we should have as little of it as the general peace of human society will permit.”

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“The cause of justice is the cause of humanity. Its advocates should overflow with universal good will. We should love this cause, for it conduces to the general happiness of mankind.”

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Themes: Happiness Justice

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“The first duty of man is to take none of the principles of conduct upon trust; to do nothing without a clear and individual conviction that it is right to be done.”

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Themes: Integrity

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“We retail and mangle truth. So that we may deceive others with a tranquil conscience, we begin with deceiving ourselves.”

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Themes: Lies Deception

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“Whenever government assumes to deliver us from the trouble of thinking for ourselves, the only consequences it produces are those of torpor... Government by its very nature counteracts the improvement of original mind,”

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